[AES]Auger Electron Spectroscopy
AES is a method to measure the kinetic energy distribution of Auger electrons emitted by electron irradiation and to obtain information on the type and abundance of elements on the sample surface (a few nm depth).
[XPS]X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
XPS is a method to measure the kinetic energy distribution of photoelectrons emitted by X-ray irradiation and to obtain knowledge about the type, abundance and chemical bonding state of elements on the sample surface (several nm depth).
[UPS]Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy
The UPS is a method to measure the kinetic energy distribution of electrons emitted by ultraviolet light irradiation and to obtain knowledge of the valence electronic state of the sample polar surface (less than a few nm). On the other hand, it is also used to evaluate the work function of various metallic materials by using high energy resolution.
[XAFS] X-ray Absorption Fine Structure
XAFS is a method to analyze the absorption spectrum obtained by exposing a material to X-rays.
[SXES] Soft X-ray Emission Spectroscopy
SXES is a method to evaluate chemical bonding states using soft X-rays emitted from materials.